A Review of the Odontogenic Keratocyst and Report of a Case

The Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental, non –inflammatory chronic cystic lesion, on radiograph it may be unilocular or multi locular OKC is a cyst of odontogenic origin, usually asymptomatic withan aggressive clinical behavior including a high recurrence rate and tendency to invade bone and adjacent soft tissues. Diagnosis is based on the clinical history, clinical appearance, and radiographs and histology. A case of odontogenic keratocyst involving the ramus of the mandible is presented in this article emphasizing on the characteristics and various features of OKC

Healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: clinical characteristics and antibiotic resistance profile with emphasis on macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance

Objectives: Healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] is a common pathogen worldwide and its multidrug resistance is a major concern. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility profile of healthcare-associated MRSA with emphasis on resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B [MLSB] phenotypes and vancomycin

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out between February 2014 and February 2015 across four tertiary care hospitals in Mangalore, South India. Healthcare-associated infections among 291 inpatients at these hospitals were identified according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Clinical specimens were collected based on infection type. S. aureus and MRSA isolates were identified and antibiotic susceptibility tests performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin was determined using the Agar dilution method and inducible clindamycin resistance was detected with a double-disk diffusion test [D-test]

Results: Out of 291 healthcare-associated S. aureus cases, 88 were MRSA [30.2%]. Of these, 54.6% were skin and soft tissue infections. All of the isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin and linezolid. Four MRSA isolates exhibited intermediate resistance to vancomycin [4.6%]. Of the MRSA strains, 10 [11.4%] were constitutive MLSB phenotypes, 31 [35.2%] were inducible MLSB phenotypes and 14 [15.9%] were macrolide-streptogramin B phenotypes

Conclusion: Healthcare-associated MRSA multidrug resistance was alarmingly high. In routine antibiotic susceptibility testing, a D-test should always be performed if an isolate is resistant to erythromycin butsusceptible to clindamycin. Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin is necessary when treating patients with MRSA infections

Ebola virus disease: Getting to know a new emerging foe.

Viral hemorrhagic fevers have been at the top of the severity scale in terms of morbidity and mortality among human beings. Many of the viruses have their reservoirs in animal kingdom and from time to time they get introduced to humans and cause sporadic outbreaks and epidemics. Thousands of people from the Western African region have already succumbed to the complications due to Ebola virus infection.</p> <p>The South East Asian region including India has been affected by several outbreaks of communicable diseases like SARS, bird flu, swine flu etc. The current outbreak has been a global concern due to its spread beyond the African continent. WHO has declared EVD as an international health emergency and worldwide efforts have been enhanced to escalate research to find a vaccine or cure for the disease.

Urinary tract infection due to Enterobacter sakazakii.

Enterobacter sakazakii is a rare but important cause of necrotizing enterocolitis, bloodstream infection and central nervous system infections in humans, with mortality rates of 40-80%. It has not been reported to cause urinary tract infection. We report a case of urinary tract infection due to E. sakazakii in a 63-year-old lady with chronic renal failure.